Aerobic exercise is an essential element of the total fitness picture. What fitness instructors call aerobic activity means 20 to 30 minutes of continuous exercise that significantly speeds up your heart rate and, because you''re breathing and exercising steadily, sends an increased level of oxygen racing around the delivery route in your circulatory system. This kind of activity works your heart and your lungs, and it burns up fat. Most experts recommend doing it at least three times a week.
When it comes to building muscles, however, aerobics is the tortoise to toning''s hare, says Canyon Ranch wellness education director Rebecca Gorrell. Aerobic activity doesn''t target the muscles as directly as toning does. So if you rely solely on aerobic exercise to tone your muscles, it''s a long haul. In their own slow fashion, though, various aerobic activities can help tone different parts of your body.
Where It Helps
This chart tells you which parts of your body are conditioned by various activities. Find the activity in the first column and the body parts that benefit from that activity in column 2. The third column lists other body parts that are conditioned, but to a lesser extent.
| Activity | Conditions . . . | Also Conditions . . . |
| Ballroom dancing | Upper body (shoulders, arms, chest, back, waist, abdomen) | Lower body (hips, buttocks thighs, calves, ankles) |
| Biking | Hips, buttocks, thighs | |
| Boxing/boxercise | Upper and lower body | |
| Canoeing | Shoulders, back | Chest, abdomen, legs |
| Country line dancing | Lower body | |
| Cross-country skiing | Entire body | |
| Downhill skiing | Oblique muscles, buttocks, legs | Shoulders, arms, chest, back |
| Gardening | Shoulders, lower back, buttocks | Abdominals |
| Golfing | Lower body (if you don''t use a golf cart) | Shoulders, arms, waist |
| Hiking | Midsection, lower body (hips, buttocks, thighs) | |
| Horseback riding | Back, lower abdominals, lower body | |
| Jumping rope | Wrists, lower body, calves, feet | Back, abdominals |
| Karate | Arms, hips, thighs, calves | |
| Race-walking | Lower body, oblique muscles | |
| Rowing (on machine) | Entire body, especially arms, back, buttocks and legs | |
| Running | Midsection, lower body | |
| Scrubbing and polishing | Shoulders, chest, back | |
| Sculling | Entire body | |
| Skating | Lower body, especially the hips | |
| Slide (a plastic or rubber runner mat fitted with a hard plastic bumper at each end) | Hips, inner and outer thighs | |
| Stair climbing/bench stepping | Lower body, especially the thighs | |
| Swimming | Entire body | |
| Tennis, squash | Playing arm, lower body | |
| Vacuuming | Shoulders, arms, lower body | |
| Volleyball | Entire body, especially the legs and oblique muscles | |
| Walking | Lower body | Lower abdominals |
See also Muscular System