The sky is blue, the sea is green, and you are bright-eyed and rosy-cheeked, out on the deck of a sun-dappled sailboat bobbing along in the waves. Bobbing and dipping. Dipping and lobbing. Lobbing and listing. Listing and rolling. Rolling and rising. Rising and sinking. Sinking and splashing. Splashing and crashing. Crashing and churning. Listing and bobbing and dipping and rippling. Crashing and churning and stomach turning. And before you know it, you're launching your lunch into glistening green waters, quaking and quickening. It's altogether sickening.
The French call it mal de mer, and even the most seasoned sailors can suffer from it. In the air, it's airsickness. On land, it's car sickness. And then there's amusement park ride sickness-at least one visitor a day turns green on Disney World's Space Mountain or Big Thunder Mountain roller coaster. But it's all the same thing-that queasy, uneasy feeling collectively known as motion sickness.
"Motion sickness results when the brain receives wrong information about the environment," explains Rafael Tarnopolsky, M.D., a professor of otolaryngology at the University of Osteopathic Medicine and Health Sciences. To help keep our bodies in balance, our sensory systems continually collect information about our surroundings and send it to our inner ears, and like computers, they organize the information and send it on to the brain.
It is when our balance system notes a discrepancy between what our inner ears sense and our eyes sense that motion sickness can take hold, says Horst Konrad, M.D., chairman of the Committee on Equilibrium of the American Academy of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery. Not everyone gets it, but the signals are pretty clear when we do. We get dizzy. We sweat. Our skin turns pale. We feel nauseated. And if things don't get any better, we throw up.
Once you feel the symptoms coming on, motion sickness can be very difficult to stop, especially if you've reached your particular point of no return—usually when nausea sets in. But the following remedies can help nurse the symptoms and might be able to cut them short. Better yet, they might keep the symptoms from starting in the first place—next time you're bobbing and dripping, dripping and bobbing along on a pretty afternoon's wave.
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Think about motion wellness. "Motion sickness is partly psychological," says Dr. Konrad. "If you think you're going to throw up, you're probably going to." Instead, turn your thoughts to something wonderful.
Leave nursing the sick to someone else. It's a common occurrence. You're on a fishing boat. Everything's going along fine until someone gets sick. You watch in sympathy, maybe even offer a comforting shoulder. Before long, you're the next body down. Then there goes another. It's the domino theory in action. As cruel as it may sound, do your best to ignore others who are sick, says Dr. Konrad. Otherwise you're liable to end up in the same boat.
Get your nose out of the joint. Bad odors such as engine fumes, the dead fish on ice in the back of the boat, or the sardine sandwich being made in the galley can contribute to nausea, says Dr. Konrad. Aim your nose elsewhere.
Butt out. If you're a smoker, you may think that lighting up can calm you, deterring motion sickness. Wrong. Cigarette smoke can only contribute to impending nausea, says Dr. Konrad. If you're a nonsmoker, hightail it to the nonsmoking section of the plane, train, or bus if you feel queasiness coming on.
Travel at night. Your chances of getting sick diminish when you travel at night because you can't see the motion as well as you can in daylight hours, says Roderic W. Gillilan, O.D., an optometrist in private practice in Eugene, Oregon, who has helped hundreds of patients overcome the problem.
Don't get friendly with unfriendly food. If certain foods don't like you when you're standing still, they're going to like you even less if you're moving. As tempting as plentiful meals may be during your travels, don't overindulge, advises Robert Salada, M.D., director of the Travelers Health Care Center at the University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio, and assistant professor of medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.
Go ahead, get fresh. Deter nausea with a breath of fresh air, suggests Dr. Salada. In a car, open a window. On a boat, stand out on deck and take in the sea breeze. On an airplane, turn on the overhead vent.
Think before you drink. "Too much alcohol can interfere with the way the brain handles information about the environment and can set off motion sickness symptoms," says Dr. Konrad. What's more, alcohol can dissolve into the fluids on your inner ear, which can send your head spinning. Drink in moderation during plane and ship travel.
Get enough sleep. "Your chance of getting motion sickness increases with fatigue," says Dr. Gillilan. So be sure to get your usual quota of sleep before taking off on a trip. If you're a passenger in a car or plane, catching a few zzzzs while en route can help, too, if only to temporarily ward off potentially sickening stimuli.
Sit still! Your brain is already confused enough without your creating extra motion. Keep your head especially still.
Get up front and out ahead. In a car, move up to the front seat and focus on the road ahead or the horizon, says Dr. Tarnopolsky. This will bring signals from your body and your eyes into balance.
Better yet, get into the driver's seat. When you're behind the wheel, you're sensibly looking straight ahead, says Dr. Gillilan, and you have the added advantage of anticipating any quick changes in motion.
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Get caught up on your reading some other time. Don't read while you're riding in a car or on a rough plane or boat trip, says Dr. Tarnapolsky. The movement of the vehicle you're in makes the printed matter on the page move, which can make you awfully dizzy.
But if you must read, there are ways to do it without getting sick, says Dr. Gillilan. Among them:
Find the center of most resistance. On a ship, get a cabin amidships, where the least amount of rolling and bouncing occurs, advises Dr. Tarnapolsky. On a little boat you may find no such escape, although a forward cabin may be smoother than aft.
Come out from under. Staying cooped up below deck in a boat or ship, especially in a poorly ventilated area, is just asking for trouble, says Dr. Salada. Cone out, come out, wherever you are.
Set your sights on something stationary. It'll help get your sensory system back in balance. Standing in a bobbing boat and watching the horizon, however, may make you sick because the horizon will bob along with you. Instead turn your sights to a stationary point in the sky or the land in the distance.
Take a preventive pill. If motion sickness is as inevitable for you as snow in January, you might want to consider taking an over-the-counter medication like Dramamine or Bonine. Taken a few hours in advance, it can prevent symptoms from occurring in the first place, says Dr. Salada. One or two tables last for up to 24 hours. But be sure to take it in advance, because it won't be effective if taken once the symptoms start.
Remember, time heals all wounds. And this includes motion sickness. You may feel like you're going to die—in fact, it may sound like a blessing—but motion sickness doesn't kill. Your body will eventually adjust to the environment in a ship or boat—although it might take a few days—and will stop reacting.
So be patient. Things will get better.
Patricia Cowings, Ph.D., is director of the Psychophysiological Research Laboratory at NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California.
Roderic W. Gillilan, O.D., is an optometrist in private practice in Eugene, Oregon, where he specializes in the treatment of motion sickness.
Horst Konrad, M.D., is chairman of the Committee on Equilibrium of the American Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, and professor and chairman of the Division of Otolaryngology at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine in Springfield.
Robert Salada, M.D., is director of the Travelers Health Care Center of the University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio, a first-of-its-kind service that provides health information and immunizations to travelers and immigrants. He is also assistant professor of medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine in Cleveland.
Rafael Tarnopolsky, M.D., is a professor of otolaryngology at the University of Osteopathic Medicine and Health Sciences in Des Moines, Iowa.