"Around age 40 or 45, your focusing power starts to go and it can lead to eyestrain," says Samuel L. Guillory, M.D., a New York City ophthalmologist and assistant clinical professor at Mount Sinai Medical Center of the City University of New York. "It's a gradual process that happens to everyone."
But you can get eyestrain at any age if what you're staring at all day is a video display terminal (VDT).
If you find your eyes straining to read your birthday cards or a VDT screen, here are some suggestions that might help.
Pay attention to lighting. "It doesn't hurt your eyes to read in dim light, but you can strain them if the light doesn't provide enough contrast," says Dr. Guillory. "Use a soft light that gives contrast, but not glare, when you read. And don't use any lamp that reflects light directly back into your eyes."
Try reading glasses. You can get them from your doctor or even from your drugstore. "If you have good distance vision in both eyes and just have trouble seeing up close, go to your local drugstore and buy the reading glasses they have on display there," says ophthalmologist David Guyton, M.D., a professor at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. "They're sold in all 50 states, cost from $10 to $20, and are impact-resistant, good-quality glasses that will help you."
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Pick the right power. You are the best judge of which reading glasses work best for you. "Pick the weakest, or least powerful, ones that will allow you to read at the distance you want," says Dr. Guyton. "If you buy ones that are too powerful, you will see fine up close, but things will be blurred beyond that distance."
Interrupt your work. Save and store what's on your VDT screen every once in a while. "If you use the computer for 6 to 8 hours," says Dr. Guillory, "take a break every 2 to 3 hours. Do some other work, get coffee, go to the bathroom—just take your eyes off the screen for 10 to 15 minutes." Also, consider working from a printout of your screen.
Darken your screen. Those aren't just letters and numbers on your screen. They're also tiny light bulbs that send light directly into your eyes. You need to turn the wattage down, so to speak. "Don't make the letters too bright," advises Dr. Guillory. "Turn the brightness down to a dim level and then adjust the contrast to make up the difference." An added tip: Take a pencil and make a mark on the knob you adjusted. Then make a corresponding mark on the computer. That way you'll just have to realign the marks if somebody changes the setting on your computer when you're not there.
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Work in the shade. When it comes to relieving eyestrain, it's best to keep your computer in the dark. "Shade your screen by creating a hood over it," Dr. Guillory suggests. "Go to an art supply store and buy a sheet of heavy black cardboard. Put it on top of your terminal and fold both sides down over it. That will allow you to slide it back and forth. What you've done, essentially, is put your machine in a black box. So now you can turn the brightness down to a very low level."
Shut out the light by shutting your eyes. Our experts say the best way to relieve eyestrain is to rest your eyes. And that's easier than you may think. "You can do it while you're on the phone," says Dr. Guillory. "If you don't need to read or write, just close your eyes while you're talking. Depending on how much time you spend on the phone each day, you may be able to rest your eyes for almost an hour or two daily. People who practice this technique say their eyes really feel better, and it helps rid them of eyestrain."
Samuel L. Guillory, M.D., is an ophthalmologist and assistant clinical professor of ophthalmology at Mount Sinai Medical Center of the City University of New York in New York City.
David Guyton, M.D., is an ophthalmologist and professor of ophthalmology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland.
Meir Schneider is director of the Center for Self Healing in San Francisco, California. He is author of Self Healing: My Life and Vision.